A complete guide to pap smear screening and what to expect
A pap smear screening is one of the most important preventive tools in women’s healthcare. By detecting abnormal cervical cells early, this simple test can help prevent cervical cancer and identify potential health issues before they become serious. Even if you feel healthy, keeping up with regular pap smears is an essential part of long-term wellness.
At Lona Sasser Obstetrics & Gynecology in Coral Springs, FL, our team provides comprehensive well-woman exams and pap smear screenings for patients of all ages. To schedule your next visit, call us at 954-340-1050 or book online here.
What Is a Pap Smear Screening?
A pap smear, sometimes called a pap test, is a procedure used to check for abnormal cells in the cervix—the opening of the uterus at the top of the vaginal canal. These abnormal cells can be caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is the primary risk factor for cervical cancer.
During a pap smear screening:
- Your doctor uses a speculum to gently open the vaginal walls.
- A small brush or spatula is used to collect cells from your cervix.
- The sample is sent to a lab to be examined under a microscope.
While the test may cause mild discomfort, it is usually quick and not painful for most women.
Why Is Pap Smear Screening Important?
Pap smears have transformed women’s healthcare by reducing cervical cancer rates worldwide. The main benefits include:
- Early detection of precancerous changes: Pap smears can detect cell changes before they become cancerous.
- Prevention of cervical cancer: Treating abnormal cells early can stop cancer from developing.
- Monitoring HPV-related changes: Since HPV is so common, pap smear screenings help doctors track and address any effects of the virus.
- Peace of mind: Regular screenings reassure women that their reproductive health is being monitored.
Even if you feel healthy and have no symptoms, pap smears are still necessary. Many cervical cell changes don’t cause noticeable signs until they’ve advanced.
Who Should Get a Pap Smear Screening?
Guidelines generally recommend:
- Ages 21–29: Pap smear every 3 years.
- Ages 30–65: Pap smear every 3 years, or pap smear with HPV testing every 5 years.
- Over 65: Women may no longer need pap smears if they’ve had consistent normal results in the past.
Your doctor may suggest more frequent screenings if you have risk factors such as:
- A history of abnormal pap smears
- HPV infection
- Weakened immune system
- History of cervical cancer or precancerous changes
What to Expect During a Pap Smear Screening
Knowing what to expect can make the process less stressful. A typical pap smear screening includes:
- Discussion: Your provider will ask about your health history, menstrual cycle, and any symptoms.
- Exam: You’ll lie on an exam table with your feet in stirrups while the provider gently inserts a speculum.
- Cell collection: A brush or spatula collects a sample from your cervix in seconds.
- Aftercare: You may notice light spotting afterward, which is normal.
Results are usually available within a few days to a week. Your provider will explain whether your results are normal, unclear, or abnormal, and what steps may be needed next.
Pap Smear Screening and HPV Testing
HPV testing is often done alongside a pap smear, especially for women over 30. This combined approach provides a more complete picture:
- Pap smear alone detects cell changes.
- HPV test checks for the virus that can cause those changes.
- Co-testing (pap smear + HPV test) increases accuracy and may extend the time between screenings.
Common Questions About Pap Smear Screening
Does a pap smear test for STDs?
No. A pap smear only looks for abnormal cervical cells. If you want to be tested for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), you’ll need to request additional testing.
Does a pap smear hurt?
Most women feel only mild pressure or discomfort. The test is quick, usually lasting less than a minute.
What if my pap smear results are abnormal?
Abnormal results don’t always mean cancer. They often indicate minor changes that may go away on their own or require monitoring. Your provider may recommend a follow-up test or a colposcopy for closer examination.
Can I skip a pap smear if I had the HPV vaccine?
No. While the HPV vaccine protects against the most dangerous strains of the virus, it doesn’t protect against all types. Regular screening is still essential.
Pap Smear Screening Across Life Stages
- Young adults (21–29): Screenings are about building healthy habits early and monitoring changes as cycles regulate.
- Reproductive years (30–45): Screenings often include HPV testing and may coincide with family planning discussions.
- Midlife and menopause (45–65): Screenings continue to protect against cancer risks even after periods stop.
- Post-menopause (65+): Many women can stop pap smears if they’ve had a history of normal results, but this is a decision to make with your doctor.
Preparing for a Pap Smear Screening
To ensure accurate results:
- Try to schedule the test when you’re not on your period.
- Avoid vaginal creams, lubricants, or douching for at least 2 days before the test.
- Refrain from sexual intercourse the day before your appointment.
Being prepared helps your provider get the clearest possible results.
Taking the Next Step
Regular pap smear screening is one of the simplest and most effective ways to protect your reproductive health. By staying up to date, you take an active step in preventing cervical cancer and catching changes before they become serious.
At Lona Sasser Obstetrics & Gynecology, we provide pap smear screenings as part of comprehensive well-woman care. Our doctors are here to answer your questions, ease your concerns, and help you stay healthy at every stage of life. Call us today at 954-340-1050 or book online here to schedule your screening.
Photo by Kristina Paukshtite